Configuration-specific Monoclonal Antibody Based

Ras Activation Assay Kit

Catalog Number：81101

20 assays

Product Description

    Small GTPases are a super-family of cellular signaling regulators. Ras belongs to the Ras sub-family of GTPases that regulate cell growth, cell motility, and gene transcription. GTP binding increases the activity of Ras, and the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP renders it inactive.

    Currently the activation of Ras proteins is assayed with the binding of GTP-bound Ras to the Ras-binding domain (RBD) of Raf protein kinase. This method is based on the observation that the active, GTP-bound Ras could bind to the RBD of Raf. However, the reproducibility of this method is poor.This is partially due to the relatively quick hydrolysis of GTP to GDP during the assay procedure, and the low binding affinity of RBD to Ras-GTP.

    NewEast Biosciences Ras Activation Assay Kit is based on the configuration-specific monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes Ras-GTP, but not Ras-GDP. Given the high affinity of monoclonal antibodies to their antigens, the activation assay could be performed in a much shorter time. This assay provides the reliable results with consistent reproducibility. These anti-Ras-GTP monoclonal antibody can also be used to monitor the activation of Ras in cells and in tissues by immunohistochemistry.

    NewEast Biosciences Ras Activation Assay Kit provides a simple and fast method to monitor the activation of Ras. Each kit provides sufficient quantities to perform 20 assays.  

Assay Principle

    NewEast Biosciences Ras Activation Assay Kit bases on the configuration-specific anti-Ras-GTP monoclonal antibody to measure the active Ras-GTP levels, either from cell extracts or from in vitro GTPγS loading Ras activation assays. Briefly, anti-active Ras mouse monoclonal antibody will be incubated with cell lysates containing Ras-GTP. The bound active Ras will then be pulled down by

protein A/G agarose. The precipitated active Ras will be detected by immunoblot analysis using anti-Ras rabbit polyclonal antibody. 

Kit Components

1. Anti-active Ras, Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog No. 26909): One vial – 22 ?L (1 mg/ml) in PBS, pH 7.4, containing 50% glycerol and 0.05% sodium azide. This antibody specifically recognizes Ras-GTP from all vertebrates.

2. Protein A/G Agarose (Catalog No. 30301): One vial – 400 ?L of 50% slurry.

3. 5X Assay/Lysis Buffer (Catalog No. 30303): One bottle – 30 mL of 250 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8, 750mM NaCl, 50 mM MgCl2, 5 mM EDTA,   5% Triton X-100.

4. Anti-Ras, Rabbit polyclonal Antibody (Catalog No. 21021): One vial – 22 ?L (1 mg/ml) in PBS, pH 7.4, contained 50% glycerol.

5. 100 X GTPγS (Catalog No. 30302): One vial –100 ?l at 10 mM, use 5 ?L of GTPγS for GTP-labeling of 0.5 mL of cell  lysate.

6. 100 X GDP (Catalog No. 30304): One vial –100 ?l at 100 mM, use 5 ?L of GDP for GDP-labeling of 0.5 mL of cell lysate. 

Storage

Store all kit components at 4?C until their expiration dates. 

Materials Needed but Not Supplied

1. Stimulated and non-stimulated cell lysates

2. Protease inhibitors

3. 4 °C tube rocker or shaker

4. 0.5 M EDTA, pH8.0

5. 1 M MgCl2

6. 2X reducing SDS-PAGE sample buffer

7. Electrophoresis and immunoblotting systems

8. Immunoblotting wash buffer such as TBST (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 0.15 M NaCl, 0.05%

Tween-20)

9. Immunoblotting blocking buffer (TBST containing 5% Non-fat Dry Milk or 3% BSA)

10. PVDF or nitrocellulose membrane

11. Secondary Antibody

12. ECL Detection Reagents 

Reagent Preparation

? 1X Assay/Lysis Buffer: Mix the 5X Stock briefly and dilute to 1X in deionized water. Just prior to

usage, add protease inhibitors such as 1 mM PMSF, 10 ?g/mL leupeptin, and 10 ?g/mL aprotinin.

Sample Preparation

Adherent Cells

1. Culture cells (one 10-cm plate, ~ 10⁷cells) to approximately 80-90% confluence. Stimulate cells with activator or
     inhibitor as desired.

2. Aspirate the culture media and wash twice with ice-cold PBS.

3. Completely remove the final PBS wash and add ice-cold 1X Assay/Lysis Buffer to the cells (0.5- 1 mL per 10 cm tissue culture plate).

4. Place the culture plates on ice for 10-20 minutes.

5. Detach the cells from the plates by scraping with a cell scraper.

6. Transfer the lysates to appropriate size tubes and place on ice.

7. If nuclear lysis occurs, the cell lysates may become very viscous and difficult to pipette. If thisoccurs,
     lysates can be passed through a 27?-gauge syringe needle 3-4 times to shear the genomic DNA.

8. Clear the lysates by centrifugation for 10 minutes (12,000 x g at 4 °C).

9. Collect the supernatant and store samples (~1-2 mg of total proteins) on ice for immediate use, or snap
    freeze and store at - 70 °C for future use.

Suspension Cells

1. Culture cells and stimulate with activator or inhibitor as desired.

2. Perform a cell count, and then pellet the cells by centrifugation.

3. Aspirate the culture media and wash twice with ice-cold PBS.

4. Completely remove the final PBS wash and add ice-cold 1X Assay/Lysis Buffer to the cell pellet(0.5 – 1 mL per 1 x 10⁷cells).

5. Lyse the cells by repeated pipetting.

6. Transfer the lysates to appropriate size tubes and place on ice.

7. If nuclear lysis occurs, the cell lysates may become very viscous and difficult to pipette. If this occurs,
     lysates can be passed through a 27?-gauge syringe needle 3-4 times to shear the genomic DNA.

8. Clear the lysates by centrifugation for 10 minutes (12,000 x g at 4 °C).

9. Collect the supernatant and store samples on ice for immediate use, or snap freeze and store at -70 °C for future use.

In vitro GTPγS/GDP Protein Loading for positive and negative controls

    Note: In vivo stimulation of cells will activate approximately 10% of the available Ras, whereas in

    vitro GTPγS protein loading will activate nearly 90% of Ras.

1, Aliquot 0.5 ml of each cell extract to two microfuge tubes (or use 1 ?g of purified Ras protein).

2, To each tube, add 20 ?l of 0.5 M EDTA (to 20 mM final concentration).

3, Add 5 ?l of 100 X GTPγS (to 100 ?M, final concentration) to one tube (positive control).

4, Add 5 ?l of 100 X GDP (to 1 mM, final concentration) to the second tube (negative control).

5, Incubate the tubes at 30°C for 30 minutes with agitation.

6, Stop loading by placing the tubes on ice and adding 32.5 ?l of 1 M MgCl2 (to 60 mM, final concentration). 

Assay Procedure

I. Active Ras Pull-Down Assay

1. Aliquot 0.5 – 1 mL of cell lysate (~1 mg of total cellular protein) to a microcentrifuge tube.

2. Adjust the volume of each sample to 1 mL with 1X Assay/Lysis Buffer.

3. Add 1 ?l anti-active Ras monoclonal antibody to the tube.

4. Thoroughly resuspend the protein A/G Agarose bead slurry by vortexing or titurating.

5. Quickly add 20 ?L of resuspended bead slurry to each tube.

6. Incubate the tubes at 4 °C for 1 hour with gentle agitation.

7. Pellet the beads by centrifugation for 1 min at 5,000 x g.

8. Aspirate and discard the supernatant, making sure not to disturb/remove the bead pellet.

9. Wash the bead 3 times with 0.5 mL of 1X Assay/Lysis Buffer, centrifuging and aspirating each time.

10. After the last wash, pellet the beads and carefully remove all the supernatant.

11. Resuspend the bead pellet in 20 ?L of 2X reducing SDS-PAGE sample buffer.  

12. Boil each sample for 5 minutes.

13. Centrifuge each sample for 10 seconds at 5,000 x g.

II. Electrophoresis and Transfer

1. Load 15 ?L/well of pull-down supernatant to a polyacrylamide gel (17%). Also, it’s

    recommended to include a pre-stained MW standard (as an indicator of a successful transfer in step 3).

2. Perform SDS-PAGE following the manufacturer’s instructions.

3. Transfer the gel proteins to a PVDF or nitrocellulose membrane following the manufacturer’s instructions.

III. Immunoblotting and Detection (all steps are at room temperature, with agitation)

1. Following the electroblotting step, immerse the PVDF membrane in 100% Methanol for 15

    seconds, and then allow it to dry at room temperature for 5 minutes.

    Note: If Nitrocellulose is used instead of PVDF, this step should be skipped.

2. Block the membrane with 5% non-fat dry milk or 3% BSA in TBST for 1 hr at room temperature

    with constant agitation.

    Incubate the membrane with anti-Ras polyclonal antibody, freshly diluted 1:50~1000 (depending

    on the amount of Ras proteins in your samples) in 5% non-fat dry milk or 3% BSA/TBST, for

    1-2 hr at room temperature with constant agitation or at 4^oC overnight.

3. Wash the blotted membrane three times with TBST, 5 minutes each time.

4. Incubate the membrane with a secondary antibody (e.g. Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, HRP-conjugate),

    freshly diluted 1:1000 in 5% non-fat dry milk or 3% BSA/TBST, for 1 hr at room temperature

    with constant agitation.

5. Wash the blotted membrane three times with TBST, 5 minutes each time.

6. Use the detection method of your choice such as ECL. 

Example of Results

The following figure demonstrates typical results seen with NewEast Biosciences Ras Activation

Assay Kit. One should use the data below for reference only. 

Example of Results

The following figure demonstrates typical results seen with NewEast Biosciences Ras Activation Assay Kit. One should use the data below for reference only.